https://www.theaquariumwiki.com/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Brown+snake&feedformat=atomThe Aquarium Wiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T11:09:15ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.29.2https://www.theaquariumwiki.com/w/index.php?title=Cambarellus_patzcuarensis&diff=82850Cambarellus patzcuarensis2016-09-16T16:39:59Z<p>Brown snake: /* Tank compatibility */</p>
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{{Fish Data <br />
|name = Mexican Dwarf Crayfish<br />
|image = Cambarellus_patzcuarensis-01.jpg<br />
|caption = Wild Type Mexican Dwarf Crayfish<br />
|species = Cambarellus patzcuarensis<br />
|difficulty = M<br />
|min_tank_size = 10<br />
|min_tank_size_unit =gal<br />
|max_size = 2<br />
|min_size = 1.5<br />
|size_units = in<br />
|min_ph = 7.5<br />
|max_ph = 8.0<br />
|min_temperature = 22<br />
|max_temperature = 24<br />
|temperature_units = C<br />
|min_water_hardness = 12<br />
|max_water_hardness = 14<br />
|stocking_ratio_female = 1<br />
|stocking_ratio_male = 1<br />
|availability = U<br />
|diet = O<br />
|food_pellet = 0<br />
|food_flake = 0<br />
|food_live = Yes<br />
|food_other = Yes<br />
|min_life_span = 2<br />
|max_life_span = 5<br />
|habitat = Central America<br />
|min_sg = 1<br />
|max_sg = 1<br />
|captive_bred = 0<br />
|type = i<br />
}}<br />
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==Alternative names==<br />
:{{cn|Mexican Dwarf Crayfish}}, {{cn|CPO}}<br />
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== Origin ==<br />
:They inhabit Lake Patzcuaro in Central Mexico as well as the southern parts of the U.S. Their preferred habitats consist of lakes, small streams and slow-flowing rivers<br />
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== Sexing ==<br />
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Adult males are distinguished by the first pair of pleopods, which are rigid with terminal hooks at the forward end (between the last pair of walking legs). In females the first pleopods are flexible and similar to the other four pairs of pleopods.<br />
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==Tank compatibility==<br />
They generally coexist harmoniously with small fish and typically refrain from attacking even newborn guppies. However, they may prey on fish eggs or non-swimming larvae, and will scavenge on dead fish. Additionally, some aquarium hobbyists have claimed that these crayfish will also attempt to devour dwarf shrimp such as cherries. It is absolutely essential to provide them with hiding places when they commence molting, as the new shell is soft, allowing even small fish (or other crayfish) to kill them during this period. Volcanic rock riddled with numerous small holes, or short segments of waterlogged bamboo furnish useful molting refuges. Never keep them with loaches or similar fish that explore nooks and crannies since such fish will devour the crayfish during their molt.<br />
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==Diet ==<br />
They tend to thrive on a varied diet that contains both meaty (live or frozen worms and pellets formulated for scavenging crustaceans) and herbivorous foods (vegetables or algae-based foods). They also appreciate leaf litter that they can graze on. To ensure that their colors remain bright, incorporate occasional meals of color-enhancing foods rich in natural carotenoid pigments such as the astaxanthene found in Cyclop-Eeze.<br />
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==Feeding regime==<br />
Feed them small servings of crustacean pellets and vegetable matter on a daily basis.<br />
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== Environment Specifics ==<br />
Although harmless to most tank inhabitants, these crayfish can nevertheless pose a danger to each other, especially after molting. This makes it imperative to provide ample hiding places or cover in the form of plants, small stacked driftwood, or caves of clay or PVC. A pair will flourish in a five gallon (20-L) tank, or can be part of a larger, peaceful community of small fish and invertebrates.<br />
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== Behaviour ==<br />
:Largely peaceful to other species sharing their tank but some aquarium hobbyists have claimed that they will devour weak or ill dwarf shrimp if provided with the opportunity to do so.<br />
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== Identification ==<br />
:Most specimens found in the wild are brown, sometimes with a grey or blue tint. ''Cambarellus patzcuarensis var. "Orange"'' is an orange-coloured mutation often held in aquariums, but this form is rarely found in the wild.<br />
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== Pictures ==<br />
<gallery><br />
Image:Cambarellus_patzcuarensis_var._Orange884.jpg|Orange Variant<br />
</gallery><br />
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== External links ==<br />
*[http://www.theshrimpfarm.com/posts/dwarf-orange-mexican-crayfish-cpo-safe-with-shrimp/]<br />
*[http://www.petshrimp.com/articles/cpatzcuarensis.php]<br />
*[http://www.reef2rainforest.com/2013/03/15/a-mexican-crayfish-for-nano-aquariums/]<br />
*[[w:Cambarellus patzcuarensis|Wikipedia]]<br />
*[http://www.planetinverts.com/Cambarellus%20patzcuarensis.html Planet Inverts]<br />
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[[Category:Invertebrates (Freshwater)]]<br />
[[Category:Crayfish]]</div>Brown snakehttps://www.theaquariumwiki.com/w/index.php?title=Caridina_multidentata&diff=82846Caridina multidentata2016-09-16T16:26:12Z<p>Brown snake: /* Origins */</p>
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<div>{{Fish Data <br />
|name = Amano Shrimp<br />
|image = Amano_Shrimp.jpg<br />
|caption = Amano Shrimp<br />
|species = Caridina multidentata<br />
|difficulty = M<br />
|min_tank_size = 5<br />
|min_tank_size_unit =gal<br />
|max_size = 2<br />
|min_size = 1.5<br />
|size_units = in<br />
|min_ph = 6.0<br />
|max_ph = 7.5<br />
|min_temperature = 64<br />
|max_temperature = 81<br />
|temperature_units = F<br />
|min_water_hardness = 6<br />
|max_water_hardness = 10<br />
|stocking_ratio_female = 1<br />
|stocking_ratio_male = 1<br />
|availability = U<br />
|diet = O<br />
|food_pellet = 0<br />
|food_flake = Yes<br />
|food_live = 0<br />
|food_other = Yes<br />
|min_life_span = 1<br />
|max_life_span = 3<br />
|min_sg = 1<br />
|max_sg = 1.015<br />
|habitat = Asia<br />
|captive_bred = Yes<br />
|type = i<br />
}}<br />
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==Origins==<br />
This particular species of shrimp is indigenous to East Asia. They are known to inhabit mainland Japan, Taiwan, the Ryuku Islands and the Korean peninsula. The first person to rear them on a commercial basis in captivity was the famous Japanese aquarium enthusiast Takashi Amano.<br />
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==Alternative names==<br />
:{{cn|Amano Shrimp}}, {{cn|Algae-eating Shrimp}}, {{cn|Yamato Shrimp}}, {{cn|Japonica Shrimp}}, {{cn|Algae Shrimp}}, {{cn|Japanese Swamp Shrimp}}, {{cn|Japanese Marsh Shrimp}}, {{cn|Amamoto Shrimp}}, {{cn|Yamato Numaebi}}<br />
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=== Synonyms ===<br />
:''[[Caridina japonica]]'' was its senior synonym until September 2006.<ref>[http://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/pfk/pages/item.php?news=1078 PFK Website News Item] Matt Clarke, 21/9/2006</ref><br />
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== Sexing ==<br />
:The male has a row of distinct dots along its lower side. The female has this row as more of a broken line, and is also slightly bigger. See picture below.<br />
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== Diet ==<br />
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They are renown for being algae eaters but when keeping them in larger groups, it is typically essential to provide them with extra food. Like other species of Dwarf Shrimp, the Amano Shrimp will eagerly accept food formulated for for bottom feeding fish and any aquatic invertebrates.<br />
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== Breeding ==<br />
:To breed these shrimp, salt water conditions are required for their fry (or [[zoes]] as is their correct name) as well as special feeding. Breeding of this species is considered fairly difficult as the zoes need to be gradually introduced to salt water and then back to freshwater. See external link below.<br />
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:Several aquarists have claimed to breed this species in freshwater.<ref>[http://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/forum/showthread.php?t=23924 PDF online forum 'Breeding Amano Shrimps'] - August 2008. Aquarist [http://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/forum/member.php?u=6101 Fishyfeet]</ref> But as yet there is no definitive evidence to this. One shrimp taxonomist [[Werner Klotz]] has postulated that perhaps 1 in 100,000 zoes may survive to adulthood in freshwater if the water chemistry is hard enough and this may be what aquarists have been seeing.<ref>[http://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/pfk/pages/blog.php?blogid=197 PFK online Aug 2008] - Can Amano shrimp breed in freshwater? by Matt Clarke</ref><br />
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== Environment Specifics ==<br />
:The Amano Shrimp prefers planted aquariums. Slightly soft (GH 6-10dh) water is preferred (if the GH is too low they can't make their [[carapace]]). They are extremely sensitive to [[ammonia]] and an excess of [[nitrate]], and as such should only be added to a cycled tank. A small level of [[iodine]] in the water is recommended to help them moult. This can be supplied via normal fish food or via typical health food shop Kelp tablets.<br />
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:This shrimp is not sensitive to [[nitrite]] levels due to the nature of their blood chemistry.<ref>[[PFK]] magazine, Issue 1/January 2008, page 60 by Chris Lukhaup and [[Werner Klotz]]</ref><br />
*Like most shrimp any presence of [[copper]] in the water (bar background traces) will kill them.<br />
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:A tank of at least {{L|10|19}} is considered the minimum and you can stock around one shrimp per {{L|3|5}} in that.<ref>[[PFK]] magazine, Issue7/July 2008, Page 22 by George Farmer</ref><br />
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== Behaviour ==<br />
:These shrimp are diligent consumers of algae, and are one of the few species available which will consume [[Black Brush Algae|black brush algae]], a particularly troublesome form of [[Red Algae|red algae]]. It should be noted, however, that they generally prefer fish food to algae, and will only resort to the latter if the former is unavailable. Also, due to their small size, a large number of them may have to be employed to make a serious impact.<br />
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:If you see your shrimps at the surface a lot then this is probably due to lack of oxygen or high nitrate levels.<br />
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:Approximately once a month (depending on diet, age, and environmental factors), the shrimp will moult. During this time, the shrimp will seek out a place to hide while its new shell hardens, for safety reasons. Many inexperienced aquarists jump to conclusions, assuming their unseen shrimp to have been eaten; these fears are short lived however, as they usually reappear after a few days.<br />
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:Although mostly peaceful in temperament, Amano Shrimp can nevertheless be rather greedy feeders. While they refrain from attacking other aquarium inhabitants, they will not hesitate to steal food from smaller shrimp. In the absence of predators within the aquarium environment, Amano Shrimp will take on a rather active role, foraging and cleaning the aquarium of algae<br />
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== Pictures ==<br />
<gallery><br />
Image:Caridina_japonica.jpg|Amano shrimp in an Aquarium<br />
Image:Caridina_Japonica1.jpg|Young Amano shrimp in an Aquarium<br />
Image:Caridina_Japonica2.jpg|Amano shrimp In an Aquarium<br />
Image:Caridina_Japonica3.jpg|Mature female Amano shrimp<br />
Image:algaeshrimp.JPG|Mature shrimp<br />
Image:Caridina_japonica4.jpg|Closeup of the female Amano shrimp<br />
Image:Caridina_Japonica5.jpg|Closeup of two Male Amano shrimps. Note markings on tail<br />
Image:Caridina_Japonica6.jpg|Closeup of a mature female Amano shrimp<br />
Image:Caridiniaberry.JPG|Closeup of a female in berry<br />
Image:Caridiniaplay.JPG|Closeup of male and female at play about 10 days prior to female in berry, note that she bucked two other males off consistently and let this one play.<br />
Image:Amanoshrimplrg.jpg|Amano Shrimp with Algae<br />
Image:Caridina_multidentata_AQbittersweet.jpg|Caridina Multidentata on driftwood<br />
</gallery><br />
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==Videos==<br />
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{|<br />
|-<br />
|<googlevideo>-7703744637391125544</googlevideo>||<googlevideo>-3940132345711938585</googlevideo><br />
|-<br />
|Amano in a community tank||Pregnant female Amano <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br style="clear:both;"/><br />
{|<br />
|-<br />
|<youtube>x23L7BoFZPs</youtube><br />
|-<br />
|Typical pair of adult shrimps in a tank<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br style="clear:both;"/><br />
{|<br />
|-<br />
|<youtube>YwoqN6U0Tyk</youtube>||<youtube>R9P0b_dkH0s</youtube><br />
|-<br />
|6 day old Zoes||23 day old Zoes<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br style="clear:both;"/><br />
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== References ==<br />
<references/><br />
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== External links ==<br />
*[http://www.theshrimpfarm.com/amano-shrimp.php]<br />
*[[w:Caridina japonica|Wikipedia on Caridina japonica]]<br />
*[http://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/content.php?sid=6305]<br />
*[http://mikes-machine.mine.nu/breeding_yamato.htm Breeding Caridina j.]<br />
*[http://caridina.japonica.online.fr/English/index.html Caridina.japonica.online]<br />
*[http://www.caridinajaponica.de/index.htm caridinajaponica.de]<br />
*[http://www.thekrib.com/Fish/shrimp.html#25 The Krib Advice]<br />
*[http://www.petshrimp.com/ Pet Shrimp]<br />
*[http://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/pfk/pages/item.php?news=1078 Amano shrimp gets new name]<br />
*[http://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/content.php?sid=6305 Amano Shrimp : Spineless Heroes]<br />
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Mailing lists and forums for further discussion on these shrimps can be found:<br />
*[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/FreshwaterShrimp/ Yahoo Group Freshwater Shrimp]<br />
*[http://www.shrimpnow.com/ Shrimp Now]<br />
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==Commercial Sellers==<br />
*[http://www.theshrimpspot.com The Shrimp Spot] - Worldwide Seller of Shrimps<br />
*[http://www.planetinverts.com/store Planet Inverts.com Shrimp Store] - USA Seller of Shrimps<br />
*[http://www.franksaquarium.com/ Franks Aquarium] - USA Seller of Shrimps<br />
*[http://www.petshrimp.com/redcherryshrimp.html PetShrimp] - USA Seller of Shrimps<br />
*[http://www.azgardens.com/shrimpfactory.php The Shrimp Factory]<br />
*[http://www.theshrimpfarm.com/ TheShrimpFarm.com] - USA Seller of Shrimps<br />
*[http://www.shrimpfanatics.com/ Shrimpfanatics] - Worldwide freshwater shrimp store<br />
*[[Aqua Essentials]] - A UK store<br />
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[[Category:Invertebrates (Freshwater)]]<br />
[[Category:Invertebrates (Brackish)]]<br />
[[Category:Shrimp (Freshwater)]]<br />
[[Category:Algae Eaters]]</div>Brown snake